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•          The facilities that enable the detection, isolation, and correction of abnormal operation of the OSI environment

•          What is “a fault”?

•          An abnormal condition that requires management attention (or action) to repair

•          Indicated by failure to operate correctly or by excessive errors

•          Communication line is cut

•          A crimp in the cable

•          Certain errors may occur occasionally and are not normally considered to be faults

•          When a fault occurs

•          Determine “exactly” where the fault is

•          Isolate the rest of the network from the failure

•          Reconfigure or modify the network to minimize the impact of operation

•          Repair or replace the failed components

User requirements for Fault Management

•          Fast and reliable problem resolution

•          Receive notification and correct the problem immediately

•          Requires rapid and reliable fault detection and diagnostic management

•          Provides fault tolerance

•          Redundant components and alternate communication routes

•          Fault management capability itself should be redundant

•          Keep informed of the network status

•          Reassurance of correct network operation through mechanisms that use tests or analyze dumps, logs, alerts, or statistics

•          Problem tracking and control

•          Ensure the problem is truly resolved and no new problems are introduced

•          Fault management should have minimal effect on network performance